Lange Flashcards: Microbiology & Infectious Diseases is a strategy for learning medical microbiology in the context of a case vignette highlighting a common clinical problem. This unique approach is highly relevant in reviewing for the USMLE Step 1 examination because Step 1 examination questions are framed in a clinical context. These cards provide the most complete, concise, and high-yield information for the major microbial diseases caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. The basic and introductory cards in each chapter describe the basic principles of each major group of organisms and the key concepts of the various groups of infectious agents. Each disease-specific card contains a clinical vignette on one side and important characteristics of the causative organism and disease on the reverse side. Information is brief and organized into sections entitled disease or clinical syndrome, etiology and epidemiology, clinical manifestations, pathogenesis, laboratory diagnosis, and treatment and prevention. High-yield information is highlighted in bold type for ease of review. The last chapter consists of tables that depict the role of medically important bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites in major infectious disease syndromes. These cards should be a powerful and useful adjunct to medical microbiology courses and board-review textbooks in preparation for the USMLE Step 1 examination.