Medical teaching and texts are generally disease-oriented, but medical practice is focused on individual patients who often do not present with a clear diagnosis. The clinician’s goal in performing a history and physical examination is to generate diagnostic hypotheses. This was true for Hippocrates and Osler and remains true today. The goal of DeGowin’s Diagnostic Examination Flashcards is to encourage a thoughtful, systematic approach to diagnosis based on the history and physical examination. Each flashcard highlights a fundamental diagnostic principle elaborated in the 10th edition of DeGowin’s Diagnostic Examination. Taken together, the flashcards demonstrate how to apply many of these principles to undifferentiated symptoms and signs and as such are a valuable resource for the busy clinician. Although learners can acquire this skill through experience without direct instruction, we believe that diagnostic reasoning is a skill that can be deciphered and made easier for everyone.The intended audiences for DeGowin’s Diagnostic Examination Flashcards are all clinicians caring for patients, including medical students, residents, attending physicians, and clinicians in practice. New knowledge is best retained when acquired at the point of care, when it is relevant and necessary. Therefore, each flashcard is built around a common patient complaint or physical finding illustrated by a clinical vignette to demonstrate an essential concept used in framing diagnostic hypotheses. Each provides insight into the process by which the differential diagnosis is constructed using pathophysiologic and anatomic clues. Along with factual information stored in long-term memory, these flashcards will facilitate development and implementation of diagnostic strategies using memory schemes that represent and interrelate clinical problems.DeGowin’s Diagnostic Examination Flashcards will help learners approach clinical problems through a focus on diagnostic clues. We have structured the clinical cases and questions to highlight progressive problem solving to maximize the learning opportunities. Each card has a Clinical Pearl highlighting a diagnostic dilemma or providing an important additional nugget of information that will be valuable in day-to-day clinical practice.