RT Book, Section
A1 Boyer, Anthony F.
A1 Kollef, Marin H.
A2 Grippi, Michael A.
A2 Elias, Jack A.
A2 Fishman, Jay A.
A2 Kotloff, Robert M.
A2 Pack, Allan I.
A2 Senior, Robert M.
A2 Siegel, Mark D.
SR Print(0)
ID 1122369307
T1 Healthcare-Acquired Pneumonia, Including Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia
T2 Fishman's Pulmonary Diseases and Disorders, 5e
YR 2015
FD 2015
PB McGraw-Hill Education
PP New York, NY
SN 978-0-07-179672-9
LK accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1122369307
RD 2024/04/19
AB Healthcare-associated  infections  (HAIs)  impose  a  significant  economic  and  clinical  burden  on  healthcare  systems.  The  burden  is  magnified  by  increasing  infection  rates  due  to  multi-drug  resistant  (MDR)  pathogens.  Nosocomial  pneumonia  remains  an  important  etiology  of  HAIs  and  consists  of  three  distinct  entities:  healthcare-associated  pneumonia  (HCAP),  hospital-acquired  pneumonia  (HAP),  and  ventilator-associated  pneumonia  (VAP).1  Definitions  for  each  of  these  conditions  can  be  seen  in  Table  129-1.  Three  device-associated  HAIs  are  reported  to  the  National  Safety  Healthcare  Network  (NHSN),  the  surveillance  branch  of  the  Centers  for  Disease  Control  and  Prevention  (CDC).  These  include  central  line–associated  blood  stream  infection  (CLABSI),  catheter-associated  urinary  tract  infection  (CAUTI),  and  VAP.  According  to  an  annual  summary  by  the  NHSN  published  in  2008,  VAP  accounted  for  15.9%  of  all  the  reported  HAIs,  placing  third  among  device-associated  HAIs.2  Nosocomial  pneumonia  results  in  excess  healthcare  utilization  and  leads  to  greater  mortality.  This  chapter  focuses  on  the  microorganisms  responsible  for  infection,  the  complexities  surrounding  the  diagnosis,  and  the  preventive  and  therapeutic  management  strategies  used  to  combat  nosocomial  pneumonia.