RT Book, Section A1 Schlichting, Adam A1 Schmidt, Gregory A. A2 Hall, Jesse B. A2 Schmidt, Gregory A. A2 Kress, John P. SR Print(0) ID 1107712577 T1 Abdominal Compartment Syndrome T2 Principles of Critical Care, 4e YR 2015 FD 2015 PB McGraw-Hill Education PP New York, NY SN 9780071738811 LK accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1107712577 RD 2024/10/15 AB Abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) is caused by an acute increase in intra-abdominal pressure resulting from a number of medical and surgical conditions.Abdominal compartment syndrome and intra-abdominal hypertension are often unrecognized causes of organ dysfunction in critically ill patients.The reference standard for measurement of intra-abdominal pressure is via bladder catheter using a standardized protocol.Primary ACS results from direct, abdominopelvic pathology, whereas secondary ACS does not.By elevating the diaphragm and decreasing respiratory system compliance, ACS causes a restrictive respiratory defect. However, ACS affects a number of other organs, especially the kidneys, and may cause multiorgan system failure.Diagnosis relies on maintaining a high degree of clinical suspicion, measurement of intra-abdominal bladder pressure, and identification of organ dysfunction.The abdomen should be decompressed before critical organ dysfunction develops.Failure to recognize and treat ACS portends a poor prognosis.