RT Book, Section
A1 Eschler, Deirdre Cocks
A1 Menconi, Francesca
A1 Tomer, Yaron
A2 Murray, Michael F.
A2 Babyatsky, Mark W.
A2 Giovanni, Monica A.
A2 Alkuraya, Fowzan S.
A2 Stewart, Douglas R.
SR Print(0)
ID 1102701535
T1 Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases
T2 Clinical Genomics: Practical Applications in Adult Patient Care
YR 2014
FD 2014
PB McGraw-Hill Education
PP New York, NY
SN 9780071622448
LK accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1102701535
RD 2024/04/18
AB Disease  summary:Autoimmune  thyroid  disorders  (AITDs)  include  Graves  disease  (GD)  and  Hashimoto  thyroiditis  (HT).  Both  are  complex  genetic  diseases  caused  by  the  interplay  of  several  genes  with  environmental  triggers  (eg,  infection)  resulting  in  disruption  of  normal  thyroid  function.  AITDs  are  some  of  the  most  common  autoimmune  disorders  and  can  be  associated  with  other  autoimmune  diseases.  Both  are  found  in  a  higher  prevalence  among  women  with  the  age  of  onset  most  frequently  between  30  and  50  years.Graves  disease:  Production  of  thyrotropin  (TSH)  receptor  stimulating  antibodies  (TRAb)  results  in  overstimulation  of  the  thyroid  gland  that  causes  an  excessive  production  and  inappropriate  release  of  thyroid  hormones  resulting  in  clinical  hyperthyroidism,  as  well  as  thyroid  enlargement  (goiter)  due  to  hypertrophy  and  hyperplasia  of  thyroid  follicles.  Symptoms  are  related  to  hyperthyroidism,  as  well  as  those  that  are  specific  to  GD:  Graves  ophthalmopathy  (GO)  and  Graves  dermopathy.Hashimoto  disease:  Also  known  as  chronic  lymphocytic  thyroiditis,  is  the  most  common  cause  of  hypothyroidism  in  the  industrialized  world  with  a  higher  prevalence  in  iodine  sufficient  areas  and  among  smokers.  It  is  characterized  by  lymphocytic  infiltration  of  thyroid  gland,  causing  thyroid  cell  death  and  resultant  hypothyroidism.  Symptoms  are  related  to  the  lack  of  thyroid  hormones  (hypothyroidism).