RT Book, Section
A1 Usatine, Richard P.
A1 Smith, Mindy A.
A1 Chumley, Heidi S.
A1 Mayeaux, E.J.
SR Print(0)
ID 57673056
T1 Chapter 48. Heart Failure
T2 The Color Atlas of Family Medicine, 2e
YR 2013
FD 2013
PB The McGraw-Hill Companies
PP New York, NY
SN 978-0-07-176964-8
LK accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=57673056
RD 2025/07/13
AB A  60-year-old  man  presents  to  the  emergency  department  with  shortness  of  breath  increasing  in  severity  over  the  past  several  days,  along  with  paroxysmal  nocturnal  dyspnea  and  orthopnea.  He  does  not  have  a  history  of  heart  failure  or  previous  myocardial  infarction.  On  examination  it  was  found  that  he  had  a  third  heart  sound  and  an  elevated  jugular  venous  pressure.  His  chest  radiograph  showed  cardiomegaly  (Figure  48-1)  and  his  B-type  natriuretic  peptide  (BNP)  was  elevated  at  600  pg/mL.  He  was  diagnosed  with  heart  failure,  evaluated  for  underlying  causes  including  coronary  artery  disease,  and  treated  initially  with  an  angiotensin-converting  enzyme  inhibitor  (ACEI)  and  a  diuretic.  Later,  he  will  be  started  on  a  β-blocker  and  an  aldosterone  inhibitor.