RT Book, Section
A1 Vahlquist, Anders
A1 Saurat, Jean-Hilaire
A2 Goldsmith, Lowell A.
A2 Katz, Stephen I.
A2 Gilchrest, Barbara A.
A2 Paller, Amy S.
A2 Leffell, David J.
A2 Wolff, Klaus
SR Print(0)
ID 56099966
T1 Chapter 228. Retinoids
T2 Fitzpatrick's Dermatology in General Medicine, 8e
YR 2012
FD 2012
PB The McGraw-Hill Companies
PP New York, NY
SN 978-0-07-166904-7
LK accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=56099966
RD 2024/04/23
AB |PrintRetinoids  at  a  GlanceThe  biologic  functions  and  actions  of  retinoids  (excluding  vision)  include:  Reproduction,  embryonic  growth,  and  morphogenesis.Modulation  of  proliferation  and  differentiation  of  epithelia.Decrease  in  sebaceous  gland  size  (isotretinoin).Immunologic  and  anti-inflammatory  effects.Tumor  prevention  and  treatment.Effect  on  extracellular  matrix  components.Four  types  of  oral  retinoids  and  the  major  indications  for  their  use  are  isotretinoin  (acne),  alitretinoin  (chronic  hand  eczema),  acitretin/etretinate  (psoriasis,  keratinizing  disorders),  and  bexarotene  (cutaneous  T-cell  lymphoma).  Contraindications  to  their  use  include  pregnancy,  breastfeeding,  and  nonadherence  to  contraceptive  regimen.  Retinoids  should  always  be  taken  with  food  or  milk  to  enhance  intestinal  absorption.  Dosing  once  a  day  is  usually  sufficient.Mucocutaneous  side  effects  (cheilitis,  xerosis,  skin  peeling,  conjunctivitis)  are  common,  as  are  reversible  abnormal  results  on  laboratory  tests  [hyperlipidemia,  increased  liver  enzyme  levels,  and  hypothyroidism  (bexarotene)].  Musculoskeletal  and  central  nervous  system  side  effects  are  rare.