RT Book, Section A1 Esparza, Edward M. A1 Sidbury, Robert A2 Goldsmith, Lowell A. A2 Katz, Stephen I. A2 Gilchrest, Barbara A. A2 Paller, Amy S. A2 Leffell, David J. A2 Wolff, Klaus SR Print(0) ID 56097730 T1 Chapter 221. Topical Immunomodulators T2 Fitzpatrick's Dermatology in General Medicine, 8e YR 2012 FD 2012 PB The McGraw-Hill Companies PP New York, NY SN 978-0-07-166904-7 LK accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=56097730 RD 2024/10/15 AB Topical immunomodulators are nonsteroidal agents that target the immune system for therapeutic effect in the skin. The macrolactams, pimecrolimus and tacrolimus, act as anti-inflammatory agents by binding immunophilin and inhibiting cytokine production. The imidazoquinoline amine, imiquimod, induces interferon (IFN) production and enhances immune responses, although several more potent analogs are under clinical investigation.