RT Book, Section A1 Rowley, Anne H. A2 Goldsmith, Lowell A. A2 Katz, Stephen I. A2 Gilchrest, Barbara A. A2 Paller, Amy S. A2 Leffell, David J. A2 Wolff, Klaus SR Print(0) ID 56079418 T1 Chapter 167. Kawasaki Disease T2 Fitzpatrick's Dermatology in General Medicine, 8e YR 2012 FD 2012 PB The McGraw-Hill Companies PP New York, NY SN 978-0-07-166904-7 LK accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=56079418 RD 2024/03/29 AB |PrintKawasaki Disease at a GlanceMost common cause of acquired heart disease in children in developed nations.Highest incidence in Asian children; 1 in 100 Japanese children develops Kawasaki disease (KD) by age 5 years.KD is a multisystem inflammatory process of unknown but suspected infectious etiology.KD affects all blood vessels in the body, particularly medium-sized arteries such as the coronary arteries.Major symptoms are prolonged high fever, conjunctival injection, oral mucosal changes such as red lips and pharynx and strawberry tongue, redness and swelling of the hands and feet, erythematous polymorphic rash, and cervical lymphadenopathy.Inflammation in the coronary arteries can lead to aneurysms with subsequent myocardial infarction, aneurysm rupture, and sudden death.Treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and aspirin, when given in the first 10 days of fever, reduces the prevalence of coronary artery abnormalities from 25% in those treated with aspirin alone, to 5% in those who receive IVIG with aspirin.Long-term complications are confined to the heart and vascular tree, primarily thrombosis and stenosis of the major coronary arteries with myocardial ischemia.