RT Book, Section
A1 Khachikyan, Izabella
A1 Stratton, Pamela
A2 DeCherney, Alan H.
A2 Nathan, Lauren
A2 Laufer, Neri
A2 Roman, Ashley S.
SR Print(0)
ID 56972322
T1 Chapter 40. Benign Disorders of the Uterine Cervix
T2 CURRENT Diagnosis & Treatment: Obstetrics & Gynecology, 11e
YR 2013
FD 2013
PB The McGraw-Hill Companies
PP New York, NY
SN 978-0-07-163856-2
LK accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=56972322
RD 2024/04/19
AB The  cervix  develops  from  the  paramesonephric  (müllerian)  ducts  in  the  sixth  week  of  embryologic  development.  The  midline  fusion  and  subsequent  canalization  of  the  2  müllerian  ducts  give  rise  to  the  uterine  corpus,  cervix,  and  upper  vagina  (Fig.  40–1).  Müllerian  duct  anomalies  result  from  nondevelopment,  defective  lateral  or  vertical  fusion,  or  resorption  failure.  The  most  common  type  of  müllerian  fusion  defect  is  a  lateral  fusion  defect  in  which  the  resulting  defective  organs  can  be  either  symmetrical  or  asymmetrical  and  can  be  obstructed  or  unobstructed.  These  fusion  defects  result  from  failure  of  fusion  of  the  müllerian  ducts,  failure  of  formation  of  1  müllerian  duct,  or  absorption  of  the  intervening  septum.  Defective  resorption  of  the  tissue  between  the  fused  müllerian  ducts  results  in  a  uterine  septum  that  can  be  partial  or  extend  to  the  full  length  to  the  cervix.  The  most  common  lateral  fusion  defect  is  a  septum.  Vertical  fusion  refers  to  the  fusion  of  the  müllerian  ducts  with  the  urogenital  sinus.  The  absence  of  müllerian  development  results  in  agenesis  of  the  cervix  and  uterus.  A  double  cervix  is  frequently  associated  with  a  longitudinal  vaginal  septum  and  is  an  example  of  lack  of  fusion.  A  single  hemicervix  or  septate  cervix  composed  of  single  muscular  septum  that  can  be  an  extension  of  a  lower  uterine  segment  or  vaginal  septum  is  seen  with  resorption  failure.  Approximately  20–30%  of  women  with  müllerian  duct  anomalies  also  have  urinary  tract  abnormalities,  a  finding  that  warrants  urinary  tract  imaging.  Women  with  müllerian  duct  anomalies  have  normal  ovaries  and  develop  normal  secondary  sex  characteristics.