RT Book, Section A1 Brown, Jill A1 Shvartsman, Katerina A2 Papadakis, Maxine A. A2 Rabow, Michael W. A2 McQuaid, Kenneth R. A2 Gandhi, Monica SR Print(0) ID 1209232551 T1 Carcinoma of the Vulva T2 Current Medical Diagnosis & Treatment 2025 YR 2025 FD 2025 PB McGraw-Hill Education PP New York, NY SN 9781266266232 LK accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1209232551 RD 2024/11/01 AB ESSENTIALS OF DIAGNOSISTwo independent pathways for development: HPV or chronic inflammation.History of prolonged vulvar irritation, with pruritus, local discomfort, or slight bloody discharge.Early lesions may suggest or include non-neoplastic epithelial disorders.Late lesions appear as a mass, an exophytic growth, or a firm, ulcerated area in the vulva (eFigure 20–21).Biopsy is necessary for diagnosis.