RT Book, Section A1 Li, Howard Y. A1 Kern, Jeffrey A. A2 Grippi, Michael A. A2 Antin-Ozerkis, Danielle E. A2 Dela Cruz, Charles S. A2 Kotloff, Robert M. A2 Kotton, Camille Nelson A2 Pack, Allan I. SR Print(0) ID 1195012620 T1 Genetic and Molecular Changes in Lung Cancer: Prospects for a Personalized Pharmacologic Approach to Treatment T2 Fishman’s Pulmonary Diseases and Disorders, 6e YR 2023 FD 2023 PB McGraw-Hill Education PP New York, NY SN 9781260473988 LK accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1195012620 RD 2024/03/28 AB The discovery that some lung cancers harbor specific somatic mutations that are essential for malignant growth (i.e., “driver mutations”), which lead to gain of function of oncogenes or loss of function of tumor suppressor genes, and the discovery that antitumor T cell responses are regulated by immune checkpoints, have paved the way for molecularly targeted, personalized lung cancer therapy. Lung cancer is classified based on histologic features as either non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC; approximately 85% of all lung cancers) or small-cell lung cancer (SCLC; approximately 15%).1 NSCLCs are further divided histologically as adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and large cell carcinoma. Various chemotherapeutic regimens have been used to treat different NSCLC histologic subtypes. But with the realization that NSCLC is a collection of diseases that are identifiable by specific molecular abnormalities, personalized therapy is achievable for a subset of patients with NSCLC (Fig. 107-1).