RT Book, Section A1 Brown, Jill A1 Shvartsman, Katerina A2 Papadakis, Maxine A. A2 McPhee, Stephen J. A2 Rabow, Michael W. A2 McQuaid, Kenneth R. SR Print(0) ID 1193153803 T1 Carcinoma of the Vulva T2 Current Medical Diagnosis & Treatment 2023 YR 2023 FD 2023 PB McGraw-Hill Education PP New York, NY SN 9781264687343 LK accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1193153803 RD 2024/04/25 AB ESSENTIALS OF DIAGNOSISTwo independent pathways for development: HPV or chronic inflammation.History of prolonged vulvar irritation, with pruritus, local discomfort, or slight bloody discharge.Early lesions may suggest or include non-neoplastic epithelial disorders.Late lesions appear as a mass, an exophytic growth, or a firm, ulcerated area in the vulva (eFigure 18–21).Biopsy is necessary for diagnosis.