RT Book, Section
A1 Brown, Jill
A1 Shvartsman, Katerina
A2 Papadakis, Maxine A.
A2 McPhee, Stephen J.
A2 Rabow, Michael W.
A2 McQuaid, Kenneth R.
SR Print(0)
ID 1193153398
T1 Premenstrual Syndrome
T2 Current Medical Diagnosis & Treatment 2023
YR 2023
FD 2023
PB McGraw-Hill Education
PP New York, NY
SN 9781264687343
LK accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1193153398
RD 2024/04/24
AB The  premenstrual  syndrome  (PMS)  is  a  recurrent,  variable  cluster  of  troublesome  physical  and  emotional  symptoms  that  develop  during  the  5  days  before  the  onset  of  menses  and  subside  within  4  days  after  menstruation  begins.  PMS  intermittently  affects  about  40%  of  all  premenopausal  women,  primarily  those  25–40  years  of  age.  In  about  5–8%  of  affected  women,  the  syndrome  may  be  severe.  Although  not  every  woman  experiences  all  the  symptoms  or  signs  at  one  time,  many  describe  bloating,  breast  pain,  headache,  swelling,  irritability,  aggressiveness,  depression,  inability  to  concentrate,  libido  change,  lethargy,  and  food  cravings.  When  emotional  or  mood  symptoms  predominate,  along  with  physical  symptoms,  and  there  is  a  clear  functional  impairment  with  work  or  personal  relationships,  the  term  “premenstrual  dysphoric  disorder”  (PMDD)  may  be  applied.  The  pathogenesis  of  PMS/PMDD  is  still  uncertain,  and  treatment  methods  are  mainly  empiric.  The  clinician  should  provide  support  for  both  the  patient’s  emotional  and  physical  distress,  including  the  following: