RT Book, Section A1 Papadakis, Maxine A. A1 McPhee, Stephen J. A1 Rabow, Michael W. A1 McQuaid, Kenneth R. SR Print(0) ID 1193123618 T1 HIV Infection & AIDS Year in Review T2 Current Medical Diagnosis & Treatment 2023 YR 2023 FD 2023 PB McGraw-Hill Education PP New York, NY SN 9781264687343 LK accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1193123618 RD 2024/04/18 AB In the ANCHOR study, which involved nearly 4500 individuals with anal high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HGSIL), nine patients who were assigned to aggressive therapy (mostly office-based electrocautery) developed anal cancer compared with 21 of those in an active monitoring group, representing a 57% decrease in relative risk over the median 25.8-month follow-up period. This pivotal study will change care toward more aggressive screening for HGSIL and treatment to prevent progression to anal cancer.