RT Book, Section
A1 Olanow, C. Warren
A1 Schapira, Anthony H.V.
A2 Loscalzo, Joseph
A2 Fauci, Anthony
A2 Kasper, Dennis
A2 Hauser, Stephen
A2 Longo, Dan
A2 Jameson, J. Larry
SR Print(0)
ID 1207426738
T1 Parkinson’s Disease
T2 Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 21e
YR 2022
FD 2022
PB McGraw-Hill Education
PP New York, NY
SN 9781264268504
LK accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1207426738
RD 2024/04/23
AB Parkinson’s  disease  (PD)  is  the  second  most  common  age-related  neurodegenerative  disease,  exceeded  only  by  Alzheimer’s  disease  (AD).  Its  cardinal  clinical  features  were  first  described  by  the  English  physician  James  Parkinson  in  1817.  James  Parkinson  was  a  general  physician  who  captured  the  essence  of  this  condition  based  on  a  visual  inspection  of  a  mere  handful  of  patients,  several  of  whom  he  only  observed  walking  on  the  street  and  did  not  formally  examine.  It  is  estimated  that  the  number  of  people  with  PD  in  the  most  populous  nations  worldwide  is  ~5  million  persons,  and  this  number  is  expected  to  double  within  20  years  based  on  the  aging  of  the  population.  The  mean  age  of  onset  of  PD  is  about  60  years,  and  the  lifetime  risk  is  ~3%  for  men  and  2%  for  women.  The  frequency  of  PD  increases  with  age,  but  cases  can  be  seen  in  individuals  in  their  twenties  and  even  younger,  particularly  when  associated  with  a  gene  mutation.