RT Book, Section A1 Mehta, Rohtesh S. A1 Hosing, Chitra A2 Kantarjian, Hagop M. A2 Wolff, Robert A. A2 Rieber, Alyssa G. SR Print(0) ID 1190833966 T1 Allogeneic Transplantation T2 The MD Anderson Manual of Medical Oncology, 4e YR 2022 FD 2022 PB McGraw Hill Education PP New York, NY SN 9781260467642 LK accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1190833966 RD 2024/03/28 AB KEY CONCEPTSThe numbers of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT) are increasing over time, with an increasing use of alternative donors, and with increasing use of reduced-intensity conditioning (RIC).Myeloablative conditioning (MAC) for HCT is associated with a lower risk of relapse compared with RIC, but it is also associated with a higher risk of nonrelapse mortality (NRM).Age, performance status, and HCT-specific comorbidity index are some of the predictors of NRM and are taken into consideration along with the risk of relapse of the underlying disease, when deciding about conditioning intensity.Relapse of the underlying disease is the leading cause of deaths after allogeneic HCT, while graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and infections are the leading causes of NRM after allogeneic HCT.Risk of relapse may be reduced with the use of maintenance therapy after allogeneic HCT, which is an area of active investigation.Novel GVHD prophylaxis strategies are being explored to reduce the risk of GVHD and its associated morbidity and mortality.