RT Book, Section
A1 Ryan, Kenneth J.
SR Print(0)
ID 1185628613
T1 Pathogenesis of Viral Infection
T2 Sherris & Ryan's Medical Microbiology, 8e
YR 2022
FD 2022
PB McGraw-Hill Education
PP New York, NY
SN 9781260464283
LK accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1185628613
RD 2023/06/04
AB OverviewViral  pathogenesis  involves  complex  interactions  between  viruses  and  hosts  comprising  of  transmission,  replication,  dissemination,  immune  response,  and  pathology  to  produce  disease  in  humans.  Viruses  have  found  several  routes  to  enter  and  spread  in  the  host,  and  find  a  target  cell/tissue  where  they  can  replicate  efficiently,  and  cause  cytopathic  effects  to  damage  the  tissue.  In  some  cases,  the  immune  system  is  successful  in  eliminating  the  virus,  whereas  in  other  cases,  viruses  avoid  elimination  by  the  immune  system  and  persist  in  the  host.  While  in  several  cases,  the  disease  is  caused  by  direct  viral  lysis  of  the  infected  cells,  in  other  cases,  the  disease  is  immune-mediated  such  as  immune  complexes,  cytotoxic  CD8  T  cells,  and  cytokines.  Many  DNA  viruses  and  some  RNA  viruses  transform  cells  causing  oncogenesis.  Host  factors  and  defenses  play  important  roles  in  viral  pathogenesis.  It  is  interesting  to  note  that  the  same  virus  may  cause  a  mild  disease  in  some  hosts  and  a  severe  disease  in  other  hosts.  Innate  and  adaptive  immune  responses  are  critical  to  eliminate  or  control  viral  infections  in  hosts.  Several  viral  infections  cause  immune  suppression,  including  a  risk  of  opportunistic  and  superinfections.  Immunocompromised  hosts  are  vulnerable  to  many  viral  diseases.  Vaccination  is  the  key  to  provide  protection  in  the  population.