RT Book, Section
A1 Nemer, Jacqueline A.
A1 Juarez, Marianne A.
A2 Papadakis, Maxine A.
A2 McPhee, Stephen J.
A2 Rabow, Michael W.
A2 McQuaid, Kenneth R.
SR Print(0)
ID 1184175308
T1 Immersion Foot or Trench Foot
T2 Current Medical Diagnosis & Treatment 2022
YR 2022
FD 2022
PB McGraw-Hill Education
PP New York, NY
SN 9781264269389
LK accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1184175308
RD 2024/04/16
AB Immersion  foot  (or  hand)  is  caused  by  prolonged  immersion  in  cold  water  or  mud,  usually  below  10°C.  Prehyperemic  stage  is  marked  by  early  symptoms  of  cold  and  anesthesia  of  the  affected  area.  Hyperemic  stage  follows  with  a  hot  sensation,  intense  burning,  and  shooting  pains.  Posthyperemic  stage  occurs  with  ongoing  cold  exposure;  the  affected  part  becomes  pale  or  cyanotic  with  diminished  pulsations  due  to  vasospasm.  This  may  result  in  blistering,  swelling,  redness,  ecchymoses,  hemorrhage,  necrosis,  peripheral  nerve  injury,  or  gangrene.  Secondary  complications  can  include  lymphangitis,  cellulitis,  and  thrombophlebitis.  The  condition  was  first  described  during  trench  warfare  in  World  War  I.  It  is  most  commonly  seen  in  homeless  patients.