RT Book, Section
A1 Friedman, Lawrence S.
A2 Papadakis, Maxine A.
A2 McPhee, Stephen J.
A2 Rabow, Michael W.
A2 McQuaid, Kenneth R.
SR Print(0)
ID 1184173039
T1 Acute Hepatitis C & Other Causes of Acute Viral Hepatitis
T2 Current Medical Diagnosis & Treatment 2022
YR 2022
FD 2022
PB McGraw-Hill Education
PP New York, NY
SN 9781264269389
LK accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1184173039
RD 2024/04/18
AB Viruses  other  than  HAV  and  HBV  that  can  cause  hepatitis  are  hepatitis  C  virus  (HCV),  hepatitis  D  virus  (HDV)  (delta  agent),  and  hepatitis  E  virus  (HEV)  (an  enterically  transmitted  hepatitis  seen  in  epidemic  form  in  Asia,  the  Middle  East,  and  North  Africa  and  sporadically  in  Western  countries).  Human  pegivirus  (formerly  hepatitis  G  virus  [HGV])  rarely,  if  ever,  causes  frank  hepatitis.  A  related  virus  has  been  named  human  hepegivirus-1.  A  DNA  virus  designated  the  TT  virus  (TTV)  has  been  identified  in  up  to  7.5%  of  blood  donors  and  found  to  be  transmitted  readily  by  blood  transfusions,  but  an  association  between  this  virus  and  liver  disease  has  not  been  established.  A  related  virus  known  as  SEN-V  has  been  found  in  2%  of  US  blood  donors,  is  transmitted  by  transfusion,  and  may  account  for  some  cases  of  transfusion-associated  non-ABCDE  hepatitis.  In  immunocompromised  and  rare  immunocompetent  persons,  cytomegalovirus,  Epstein-Barr  virus,  and  herpes  simplex  virus  should  be  considered  in  the  differential  diagnosis  of  hepatitis.  Middle  East  respiratory  syndrome  (MERS),  severe  acute  respiratory  syndrome  (SARS),  SARS  coronavirus  infection  (SARS-CoV-2),  Ebola  virus  infection,  and  influenza  may  be  associated  with  elevated  serum  aminotransferase  levels  (occasionally  marked).  Unidentified  pathogens  account  for  a  small  percentage  of  cases  of  acute  viral  hepatitis.