RT Book, Section
A1 Straily, Anne
A2 Boulton, Matthew L.
A2 Wallace, Robert B.
SR Print(0)
ID 1182667675
T1 Toxoplasmosis
T2 Maxcy-Rosenau-Last Public Health & Preventive Medicine, 16e
YR 2022
FD 2022
PB McGraw Hill
PP New York, NY
SN 9781259644511
LK accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1182667675
RD 2024/04/19
AB Toxoplasma  gondii,  the  etiologic  agent  of  toxoplasmosis,  is  one  of  the  most  common  protozoan  parasites  of  humans.  T.  gondii  was  described  in  1908,  both  by  Nicolle  and  Manceaux  at  the  Pasteur  Institute  in  Tunis  from  gondis  (a  type  of  small  rodent)  used  as  laboratory  animals  in  typhus  research,  and  by  Splendore  at  the  Hygiene  Institute  in  Sao  Paulo,  Brazil,  from  a  laboratory  rabbit.  Human  infection  was  first  discovered  in  1924  in  the  eye  of  an  infant  by  Janku  in  Czechoslovakia.  This  was  followed,  starting  in  1937,  by  several  diagnoses  in  infants  by  Wolf,  Cowan,  and  Paige  at  Colombia  University  in  New  York  City.  After  the  development  of  a  serologic  test,  the  dye  test  by  Sabin  and  Feldman  in  1948,  it  became  clear  that  infections  in  humans  and  animals  were  found  worldwide  and  were  highly  prevalent  in  many  areas.  The  identification  of  the  sexual  cycle  of  Toxoplasma  in  cats  led  to  its  classification  as  a  coccidian.32  It  became  clear  then  that  the  infections  of  gondis  and  rabbits  were  linked  to  cats,  which  at  the  time  were  kept  in  laboratories  to  catch  wild  rodents  and  laboratory  animals  that  had  escaped.