RT Book, Section
A1 Katz, Mitchell H.
A2 Papadakis, Maxine A.
A2 McPhee, Stephen J.
A2 Rabow, Michael W.
SR Print(0)
ID 1181100345
T1 HIV Infection & AIDS: Differential Diagnosis
T2 Current Medical Diagnosis & Treatment 2021
YR 2021
FD 2021
PB McGraw-Hill Education
PP New York, NY
SN 9781260469868
LK accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1181100345
RD 2023/01/28
AB HIV  infection  may  mimic  a  variety  of  other  medical  illnesses.  Specific  differential  diagnosis  depends  on  the  mode  of  presentation.  In  patients  presenting  with  constitutional  symptoms  such  as  weight  loss  and  fevers,  differential  considerations  include  cancer,  chronic  infections  such  as  tuberculosis  and  endocarditis,  and  endocrinologic  diseases  such  as  hyperthyroidism.  When  pulmonary  processes  dominate  the  presentation,  acute  and  chronic  lung  infections  must  be  considered  as  well  as  other  causes  of  diffuse  interstitial  pulmonary  infiltrates.  When  neurologic  disease  is  the  mode  of  presentation,  conditions  that  cause  mental  status  changes  or  neuropathy—eg,  alcoholism,  liver  disease,  kidney  dysfunction,  thyroid  disease,  and  vitamin  deficiency—should  be  considered.  If  a  patient  presents  with  headache  and  a  cerebrospinal  fluid  pleocytosis,  other  causes  of  chronic  meningitis  enter  the  differential.  When  diarrhea  is  a  prominent  complaint,  infectious  enterocolitis,  antibiotic-associated  colitis,  inflammatory  bowel  disease,  and  malabsorptive  syndromes  must  be  considered.