RT Book, Section A1 Singh, Manpreet A1 Whitfield, Denise A2 Knoop, Kevin J. A2 Stack, Lawrence B. A2 Storrow, Alan B. A2 Thurman, R. Jason SR Print(0) ID 1181038463 T1 Thyroid Eye Disease T2 The Atlas of Emergency Medicine, 5e YR 2021 FD 2021 PB McGraw-Hill PP New York, NY SN 9781260134940 LK accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1181038463 RD 2024/03/28 AB Thyroid eye disease (TED) is typically seen in individuals with Graves disease, but also is found in Hashimoto thyroiditis. Similar to conjunctival icterus, it is a sign of underlying disease that must be explored. TED has many eye signs but is typically characterized by eyelid retractions, lid lag, redness (erythema), conjunctivitis, and bulging or “bug” eyes (exophthalmos). This is due to the autoimmune process of the disease, where autoantibodies target eye muscle fibroblasts, which change into fat, expand, and become inflamed, leading to manifestations of TED.