RT Book, Section A1 Bowling, C. Barrett A1 Perry, Laura A2 Walter, Louise C. A2 Chang, Anna A2 Chen, Pei A2 Harper, G. Michael A2 Rivera, Josette A2 Conant, Rebecca A2 Lo, Daphne A2 Yukawa, Michi SR Print(0) ID 1180017343 T1 Chronic Kidney Disease T2 Current Diagnosis & Treatment Geriatrics, 3e YR 2021 FD 2021 PB McGraw-Hill Education PP New York, NY SN 9781260457087 LK accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1180017343 RD 2024/04/23 AB ESSENTIALS OF DIAGNOSISEvaluation of chronic kidney disease (CKD) includes a thorough medical history, physical exam, and specific laboratory measures.Symptoms related to CKD may not occur until disease is advanced and include sleep disturbance, decreased attentiveness, nausea, vomiting, weight change, dyspnea, lower extremity edema, fatigue, muscle cramps, peripheral neuropathy, and pruritus.Reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (<60 mL/min/1.73 m2) should be interpreted in the context of the medical history and other lab abnormalities (eg, history of diabetic retinopathy, rate of eGFR decline, presence of elevated albumin-to-creatinine ratio) before a diagnosis of CKD is made.