RT Book, Section A1 Levinson, Warren A1 Chin-Hong, Peter A1 Joyce, Elizabeth A. A1 Nussbaum, Jesse A1 Schwartz, Brian SR Print(0) ID 1175828678 T1 Host Defenses T2 Review of Medical Microbiology & Immunology: A Guide to Clinical Infectious Diseases, 16e YR 2020 FD 2020 PB McGraw Hill PP New York, NY SN 9781260116717 LK accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1175828678 RD 2024/04/24 AB Host defenses against viruses fall into two major categories: (1) nonspecific, of which the most important are interferons and natural killer cells and (2) specific, including both humoral and cell-mediated immunity. Interferons are an early, first-line defense, whereas humoral immunity and cell-mediated immunity are effective only later because it takes several days to induce the humoral and cell-mediated arms of the immune response.