RT Book, Section
A1 Bashore, Thomas M.
A1 Granger, Christopher B.
A1 Jackson, Kevin P.
A1 Patel, Manesh R.
A2 Papadakis, Maxine A.
A2 McPhee, Stephen J.
A2 Rabow, Michael W.
SR Print(0)
ID 1175809428
T1 Mitral Regurgitation
T2 Current Medical Diagnosis & Treatment 2021
YR 2021
FD 2021
PB McGraw-Hill Education
PP New York, NY
SN 9781260469868
LK accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1175809428
RD 2023/02/05
AB ESSENTIALS  OF  DIAGNOSISMay  be  asymptomatic  for  years  (or  for  life).Severe  mitral  regurgitation  may  cause  left-sided  heart  failure  and  lead  to  right-sided  heart  failure.Pansystolic  murmur  at  the  apex,  radiating  into  the  axilla;  associated  with  S3  when  regurgitant  volume  is  great.ECG  shows  LA  abnormality  or  atrial  fibrillation  and  LVH;  radiograph  shows  LA  and  LV  enlargement.For  chronic  primary  mitral  regurgitation,  surgery  is  indicated  for  symptoms  or  when  the  LV  ejection  fraction  (LVEF)  is  less  than  60%  or  the  echocardiographic  LV  end-systolic  dimension  is  greater  than  4.0  cm.In  patients  with  mitral  prolapse  and  severe  mitral  regurgitation,  earlier  surgery  is  indicated  if  mitral  repair  can  be  performed  successfully  with  a  high  degree  of  certainty.Patients  with  functional  mitral  regurgitation  may  improve  with  biventricular  pacing.  Some  may  also  benefit  from  surgical  intervention  or  percutaneous  repair.