RT Book, Section
A1 Arens, Ann
A1 Benowitz, Neal L.
A2 Olson, Kent R.
A2 Anderson, Ilene B.
A2 Benowitz, Neal L.
A2 Blanc, Paul D.
A2 Clark, Richard F.
A2 Kearney, Thomas E.
A2 Kim-Katz, Susan Y.
A2 Wu, Alan H. B.
SR Print(0)
ID 1174605405
T1 CAFFEINE
T2 Poisoning & Drug Overdose, 7e
YR 2018
FD 2018
PB McGraw-Hill Education
PP New York, NY
SN 9780071839792
LK accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1174605405
RD 2022/08/12
AB Caffeine  is  the  most  widely  used  psychoactive  substance.  Besides  its  well-known  presence  in  coffee,  tea,  colas,  and  chocolate,  it  is  available  in  many  over-the-counter  and  prescription  oral  medications  and  as  injectable  caffeine  sodium  benzoate  (occasionally  used  for  neonatal  apnea).  Caffeine  is  widely  used  as  an  anorectant,  a  co-analgesic,  a  diuretic,  and  a  sleep  suppressant.  Botanical  forms  of  caffeine,  including  yerba  mate,  guarana  (Paullinia  cupana),  kola  nut  (Cola  nitida),  and  green  tea  extract,  are  common  constituents  of  "thermogenic"  dietary  supplements  that  are  widely  touted  for  weight  loss  and  athletic  enhancement  (see  also  Herbal  and  Alternative  Products).  Caffeine  is  occasionally  combined  in  tablets  with  other  stimulants,  such  as  MDMA  (methylenedioxymethamphetamine).  Although  caffeine  has  a  wide  therapeutic  index  and  rarely  causes  serious  toxicity,  there  are  many  documented  cases  of  accidental,  suicidal,  and  iatrogenic  intoxication,  some  resulting  in  death.