RT Book, Section A1 Wang, Christina A1 Swerdloff, Ronald S. A2 Bhasin, Shalender A2 O’Leary, Michael P. A2 Basaria, Shehzad S. SR Print(0) ID 1174515993 T1 Contraceptive Options for Single Men and Men in Stable Relationships T2 Essentials of Men’s Health YR 2021 FD 2021 PB McGraw Hill PP New York, NY SN 9781260135886 LK accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1174515993 RD 2024/03/29 AB Lack of contraceptive use and access to modern contraceptive methods are the major causes of unintended pregnancies in women and adolescent girls.1 Many contraceptive options are available for use by women, but much fewer are for use by men. The failure rates of contraceptive methods are defined as the number of unintended pregnancies per 100 women within the first year of use of each method. Typical use failure rates are a measure of how effective different methods are during actual use. For women, lactational amenorrhea is a very effective temporary method, and emergency contraception pills and placement of a copper intrauterine device are effective in preventing pregnancy after unprotected intercourse. The most effective contraceptive methods include permanent female sterilization, intrauterine devices, and hormonal implants. Very effective methods include combined estrogen and progestin or progestin-only injectables, pills, patches, vaginal rings, and the nonhormonal diaphragm; the least effective methods include the female condom, sponge, spermicide and fertility awareness–based method (Fig. 16-1).2 In contrast to those options available for use by women, the available male-controlled methods are few and include penile withdrawal (typical use failure rate 22%) and condoms (typical use failure rate 18%). These failure rates are substantially higher than the female hormonal methods. In contrast, permanent contraception in males using vas occlusion (vasectomy) has a very low failure rate (typical use failure rate 0.15%).2–5