RT Book, Section A1 Lee, Brian K. A1 Vincenti, Flavio G. A2 McAninch, Jack W. A2 Lue, Tom F. SR Print(0) ID 1171185610 T1 Chronic Kidney Disease and Renal Replacement Therapy T2 Smith & Tanagho's General Urology, 19e YR 2020 FD 2020 PB McGraw Hill PP New York, NY SN 9781259834332 LK accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1171185610 RD 2024/04/19 AB In chronic kidney disease (CKD), reduced clearance of certain solutes principally excreted by the kidney results in their retention in the body fluids. The solutes are end products of endogenous metabolism as well as exogenous substances (eg, drugs). The most commonly measured indicators of renal failure are blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine. The renal clearance of creatinine (as calculated from a 24-hour urine collection) is often used as a surrogate measure of glomerular filtration rate (GFR).