RT Book, Section
A1 Friedman, Lawrence S.
A2 Papadakis, Maxine A.
A2 McPhee, Stephen J.
A2 Rabow, Michael W.
SR Print(0)
ID 1166166921
T1 Acute Hepatitis C & Other Causes of Acute Viral Hepatitis
T2 Current Medical Diagnosis and Treatment 2020
YR 2020
FD 2020
PB McGraw-Hill Education
PP New York, NY
SN 9781260455281
LK accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1166166921
RD 2022/05/19
AB Viruses  other  than  HAV  and  HBV  that  can  cause  hepatitis  are  hepatitis  C  virus  (HCV),  hepatitis  D  virus  (HDV)  (delta  agent),  and  hepatitis  E  virus  (HEV)  (an  enterically  transmitted  hepatitis  seen  in  epidemic  form  in  Asia,  the  Middle  East,  and  North  Africa  and  sporadically  in  Western  countries).  Human  pegivirus  (formerly  hepatitis  G  virus  [HGV])  rarely,  if  ever,  causes  frank  hepatitis.  A  related  virus  has  been  named  human  hepegivirus-1.  A  DNA  virus  designated  the  TT  virus  (TTV)  has  been  identified  in  up  to  7.5%  of  blood  donors  and  found  to  be  transmitted  readily  by  blood  transfusions,  but  an  association  between  this  virus  and  liver  disease  has  not  been  established.  A  related  virus  known  as  SEN-V  has  been  found  in  2%  of  US  blood  donors,  is  transmitted  by  transfusion,  and  may  account  for  some  cases  of  transfusion-associated  non-ABCDE  hepatitis.  In  immunocompromised  and  rare  immunocompetent  persons,  cytomegalovirus,  Epstein-Barr  virus,  and  herpes  simplex  virus  should  be  considered  in  the  differential  diagnosis  of  hepatitis.  Middle  East  respiratory  syndrome  (MERS),  severe  acute  respiratory  syndrome  (SARS),  Ebola  virus  infection,  and  influenza  may  be  associated  with  marked  serum  aminotransferase  elevations.  Unidentified  pathogens  account  for  a  small  percentage  of  cases  of  acute  viral  hepatitis.