RT Book, Section A1 Rowley, Anne H. A2 Kang, Sewon A2 Amagai, Masayuki A2 Bruckner, Anna L. A2 Enk, Alexander H. A2 Margolis, David J. A2 McMichael, Amy J. A2 Orringer, Jeffrey S. SR Print(0) ID 1161350069 T1 Kawasaki Disease T2 Fitzpatrick's Dermatology, 9e YR 2019 FD 2019 PB McGraw-Hill Education PP New York, NY SN 9780071837798 LK accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1161350069 RD 2024/03/28 AB AT-A-GLANCEKawasaki disease (KD) is a multisystem inflammatory process of unknown but suspected infectious etiology.Highest incidence is in Asian children; 1 in 80 Japanese children develops KD by age 5 years.KD is the most common cause of acquired heart disease in children in developed nations.KD affects all blood vessels in the body, but primarily damages medium-sized muscular arteries such as the coronary arteries.Major symptoms are prolonged high fever, conjunctival injection, oral mucosal changes such as red lips and pharynx and strawberry tongue, redness and swelling of the hands and feet, erythematous polymorphic rash, and cervical lymphadenopathy.Inflammation in the coronary arteries can lead to aneurysms with subsequent myocardial infarction, aneurysm rupture, and sudden death.Treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and aspirin, when given in the first 10 days of fever, reduces the prevalence of coronary artery abnormalities from 25% in those treated with aspirin alone, to 5% in those who receive IVIG with aspirin.Long-term complications are confined to the heart and vascular tree, primarily thrombosis and stenosis of the major coronary arteries with myocardial ischemia.