RT Book, Section
A1 Ostrowski, Stephen M.
A1 Fisher, David E.
A2 Kang, Sewon
A2 Amagai, Masayuki
A2 Bruckner, Anna L.
A2 Enk, Alexander H.
A2 Margolis, David J.
A2 McMichael, Amy J.
A2 Orringer, Jeffrey S.
SR Print(0)
ID 1161322062
T1 Pigmentation and Melanocyte Biology
T2 Fitzpatrick's Dermatology, 9e
YR 2019
FD 2019
PB McGraw-Hill Education
PP New York, NY
SN 9780071837798
LK accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1161322062
RD 2024/04/19
AB AT-A-GLANCEDevelopment  of  MelanocytesMelanocytes  are  derived  from  neural  crest  lineageTranscription  factors  (MITF,  SOX10,  PAX3)  and  signaling  pathways  (KIT,  EDNRB)  that  are  important  for  development,  migration,  and  survival  of  melanocytes  also  play  key  roles  in  melanomaFunction  of  melanocytesKey  function  of  melanocytes  is  to  synthesize  melanin  and  transfer  to  surrounding  keratinocytesMelanocytes  can  produce  brown/black  melanin  (eumelanin)  or  orange/yellow  melanin  (pheomelanin)The  melanosome,  a  specialized  lysosome-related  organelle,  is  the  site  of  melanin  synthesis  and  storageRegulation  of  human  pigmentationCommon  human  variants  in  melanocortin  1  receptor  (MC1R)  lead  to  the  “red  hair  phenotype”—red  hair,  fair  skin,  inability  to  tan,  and  increased  melanoma  riskMC1R  signals  to  the  MITF  transcription  factor  to  regulate  pigmentation  and  sun-tanning