RT Book, Section
A1 M. Said, Samar
A1 H. Nasr, Samih
A2 Lerma, Edgar V.
A2 Rosner, Mitchell H.
A2 Perazella, Mark A.
SR Print(0)
ID 1149114251
T1 Bacterial Infection-Associated Glomerulonephritis
T2 CURRENT Diagnosis & Treatment: Nephrology & Hypertension, 2e
YR 2017
FD 2017
PB McGraw-Hill Education
PP New York, NY
SN 9781259861055
LK accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1149114251
RD 2024/04/25
AB In  the  past,  the  majority  of  cases  of  bacterial  infection-associated  glomerulonephritis  occurred  in  children  following  streptococcal  upper  respiratory  tract  or  skin  infections.  Over  the  past  four  decades,  there  has  been  a  shift  in  epidemiology,  bacteriology,  and  outcome  of  this  disease.  A  significant  percentage  of  cases  now  target  adults,  particularly  the  elderly  or  immunocompromised.  Streptococcus-associated  glomerulonephritis  generally  begins  after  the  pharyngeal  (more  common)  or  skin  infection  has  either  resolved  spontaneously  or  has  been  effectively  treated  and  therefore  the  term  poststreptococcal  glomerulonephritis  is  appropriate.  In  contrast,  most  of  the  other  causes  of  bacterial  infection-associated  glomerulonephritis,  including  that  due  to  staphylococcus  infection,  occur  when  the  infection  is  still  present  and  hence  the  term  staphylococcus-associated  glomerulonephritis  is  more  appropriate.  Streptococcus  and  staphylococcus  are  by  far  the  most  common  bacteria  responsible  for  bacterial  infection-associated  glomerulonephritis,  although  a  large  variety  of  other  bacteria,  such  as  Escherichia,  Yersinia,  Salmonella,  and  pseudomonas,  can  rarely  cause  the  disease.  We  will  limit  our  considerations  to  four  specific  disease  entities:  (1)  acute  poststreptococcal  glomerulonephritis,  (2)  staphylococcus-associated  glomerulonephritis,  (3)  infective  endocarditis-associated  glomerulonephritis,  and  (4)  glomerulonephritis  associated  with  infected  atrioventricular  shunts  (shunt  nephritis).