RT Book, Section A1 Gaballa, Sameh A1 Champlin, Richard E. A1 Ciurea, Stefan O. A2 Kantarjian, Hagop M. A2 Wolff, Robert A. SR Print(0) ID 1126741316 T1 Alternative Donor Transplants: Haploidentical Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation T2 The MD Anderson Manual of Medical Oncology, 3e YR 2016 FD 2016 PB McGraw-Hill Medical PP New York, NY SN 9780071847940 LK accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1126741316 RD 2024/03/29 AB Haploidentical stem cell transplantation (haploSCT) from a first-degree-related haplotype-mismatched donor (siblings, children, parents) could expand allogeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT) to a large proportion of patients with hematologic malignancies without an HLA-matched donor (1). As the average family size continues to shrink, the likelihood of finding an HLA-matched related sibling donor continues to decrease (2). Moreover, as the population continues to age, finding a young, healthy sibling donor becomes increasingly less likely. The use of matched unrelated donors (MUDs) is limited by the long time to SCT (median 3-4 months), which makes it difficult to treat patients with more advanced disease in rapid need of SCT. The ethnicity/race of the recipient can also limit MUD transplantation as approximately 30% of Caucasians, 70% of Hispanics, and 90% of African Americans do not have a MUD in the worldwide registries (3).