TY  - CHAP
M1  - Book, Section
TI  - Hypertension
A1  - Padden, Maureen O’Hara
A1  - Bernstein, Kevin M.
A2  - South-Paul, Jeannette E.
A2  - Matheny, Samuel C.
A2  - Lewis, Evelyn L.
PY  - 2015
T2  - CURRENT Diagnosis & Treatment: Family Medicine, 4e
AB  - Approximately  76.4  million  people  aged  ≥20  years  in  the  United  States  have  hypertension,  defined  as  an  average  systolic  blood  pressure  of  ≥140  mmHg,  a  diastolic  blood  pressure  of  ≥90  mmHg,  the  current  use  of  blood  pressure–lowering  medication,  and/or  being  informed  twice  of  the  diagnosis  by  a  health  care  professional.  This  translates  to  one  in  three  adults  and  more  than  half  of  those  aged  >60  years.  The  incidence  of  hypertension  increases  with  age.  If  an  individual  is  normotensive  at  age  55,  the  lifetime  risk  for  hypertension  is  90%.  High  blood  pressure  resulted  in  the  death  of  61,005  Americans  in  2008.  From  1998  to  2008,  the  death  rate  from  hypertension  rose  by  20.2%  and  the  actual  number  of  deaths  rose  by  49.7%.  Of  persons  with  high  blood  pressure,  81%  are  aware  of  their  diagnosis.  Of  this  group,  72%  are  under  treatment,  while  only  50%  are  well  controlled.  A  higher  percentage  of  men  than  women  have  hypertension  until  the  age  of  45.  From  the  age  of  45  to  64,  the  percentage  of  men  and  women  affected  by  hypertension  is  similar.  Above  the  age  of  65,  a  higher  percentage  of  women  than  men  have  hypertension.  Although  the  true  incidence  of  hypertension  in  children  is  unknown,  the  number  of  hospitalizations  for  children  with  hypertension  between  1997  and  2006  doubled  from  12,661  to  24,602.  Hypertension  is  most  prevalent  among  the  African-American  population,  affecting  about  42%  of  them.  Non-Hispanic  Afro  Americans  and  Mexican  Americans  are  also  more  likely  to  suffer  from  high  blood  pressure  than  non-Hispanic  whites.  In  2010,  the  economic  cost  of  hypertensive  disease  was  estimated  at  $76.6  billion.  Nearly  90%  of  the  US  adults  with  uncontrolled  hypertension  have  a  usual  source  of  health  care  and  insurance.  
SN  - 
PB  - McGraw-Hill Education
CY  - New York, NY
Y2  - 2024/04/20
UR  - accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1106850333
ER  -