TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Chapter 40. Care of the Mechanically Ventilated Patient with a Tracheotomy A1 - Heffner, John E. A1 - Hotchkin, David L. A2 - Tobin, Martin J. PY - 2013 T2 - Principles and Practice of Mechanical Ventilation, 3e AB - Although Egyptian tablets depict use of tracheotomy for medical applications nearly 5600 years ago,1 initial descriptions of the procedure in Western literature did not appear until the middle of the sixteenth century.2 By 1718, “tracheotomy” became accepted terminology for the surgical technique that was then primarily used for relief of airway obstruction and removal of aspirated foreign bodies. Typically gruesome clinical results relegated tracheotomy to a reviled role in airway management and gained it a designation as the “scandal of surgery.”3 The diphtheria epidemics of the nineteenth century popularized tracheotomy.4 Tracheotomy did not become widely accepted, however, until 1909, when Chevalier Jackson standardized surgical techniques and decreased the operative mortality from 25% to less than 1%.5 SN - PB - The McGraw-Hill Companies CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/03/29 UR - accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=57073863 ER -