TY  - CHAP
M1  - Book, Section
TI  - The Paraneoplastic Syndromes
A1  - Wang, Sunny
A2  - Papadakis, Maxine A.
A2  - McPhee, Stephen J.
A2  - Rabow, Michael W.
A2  - McQuaid, Kenneth R.
PY  - 2023
T2  - Current Medical Diagnosis & Treatment 2023
AB  - The  clinical  manifestations  of  cancer  are  usually  due  to  pressure  effects  of  local  tumor  growth,  infiltration,  or  metastatic  deposition  of  tumor  cells  in  a  variety  of  organs  in  the  body,  or  certain  systemic  symptoms.  General  problems  observed  in  many  patients  with  advanced  or  widespread  metastatic  cancer  include  anorexia,  malaise,  and  weight  loss.  Except  in  the  case  of  functioning  tumors  such  as  those  of  the  endocrine  glands,  systemic  symptoms  of  cancer  usually  are  not  specific.  "Paraneoplastic"  refers  to  features  of  a  cancer  considered  to  be  due  to  its  remote  effects  that  cannot  be  attributed  either  to  its  direct  invasive  or  its  metastatic  properties.  Instead,  symptoms  are  due  to  aberrant  tumor  production  of  hormones,  peptides,  or  cytokines  or  to  the  body's  immune  attack  on  normal  tissues  due  to  shared  antigens  with  tumor  tissues.  In  paraneoplastic  syndromes,  clinical  findings  may  resemble  those  of  primary  endocrine,  dermatologic,  rheumatologic,  hematologic,  or  neuromuscular  disorders.  In  endocrine  paraneoplastic  syndromes  (associated  with  ectopic  hormone  production),  tumor  tissue  itself  secretes  the  hormone  producing  the  syndrome.  Many  of  the  neuromuscular,  dermatologic,  and  rheumatologic  paraneoplastic  syndromes  are  caused  by  antibodies  directed  against  tumor  antigens  that  share  epitopes  with  normal  tissue;  testing  for  antibodies  can  often  detect  syndrome-specific  antibodies.  Small  cell  lung  cancer  (SCLC)  is  the  one  type  of  cancer  most  likely  to  be  associated  with  paraneoplastic  syndromes  (eTable  39–1).  
SN  - 
PB  - McGraw-Hill Education
CY  - New York, NY
Y2  - 2024/04/20
UR  - accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1193162042
ER  -