TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Evolution of Gene Therapy A1 - Pyeritz, Reed E. A2 - Papadakis, Maxine A. A2 - McPhee, Stephen J. A2 - Rabow, Michael W. A2 - McQuaid, Kenneth R. PY - 2023 T2 - Current Medical Diagnosis & Treatment 2023 AB - The potential for replacing a mutant gene in cells that are most severely affected and thereby causing a disease has long been desired. An alternative is inserting a normal copy of the defective gene in an organ that can produce the defective protein. After considerable research in animals, recent success in humans has shown promise in a few, serious genetic diseases. For example, an adeno-associated virus containing a normal copy of clotting factor IX was inserted into the liver of patients with hemophilia B and largely eliminated the need for intravenous infusions of the missing factor. In a different approach, a normal copy of a mutant gene that causes retinal dystrophy was injected into the retina of a patient resulting in restored vision. Numerous preclinical and clinical trials for other genetic disorders are underway. SN - PB - McGraw-Hill Education CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/03/28 UR - accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1193140345 ER -