TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Aortic Regurgitation, Mixed Valvular Heart Disease, and Heart Valve Prostheses A1 - Lancellotti, Patrizio A1 - Chitroceanu, Alexandra A1 - Sperlongano, Simona A1 - Dulgheru, Raluca A1 - Postolache, Adriana A2 - Fuster, Valentin A2 - Narula, Jagat A2 - Vaishnava, Prashant A2 - Leon, Martin B. A2 - Callans, David J. A2 - Rumsfeld, John S. A2 - Poppas, Athena PY - 2022 T2 - Fuster and Hurst's The Heart, 15e AB - Chapter SummaryThis chapter discusses three topics in the field of valvular heart disease: aortic regurgitation, mixed valvular heart disease, and prosthetic heart valves. Aortic regurgitation can be caused by a disease of the aortic valve, the ascending aorta, or both. Patients with chronic aortic regurgitation usually develop symptoms in late stages of the disease and should be followed-up closely. Although echocardiography is the main imaging modality for the evaluation of these patients, multimodality imaging should be considered in selected cases (see Fuster and Hurst's Central Illustration). Surgery is recommended in symptomatic patients and in asymptomatic patients with left ventricular dysfunction or marked dilatation. Mixed valvular heart disease is caused mainly by rheumatic and degenerative valvular disease, and has a complex pathophysiological and clinical expression. The evaluation and the management of patients with mixed valvular heart disease are challenging, which is why they should be followed-up in heart valve clinics. Prosthetic heart valve replacement is often the only effective treatment for patients affected by severe valvular heart disease. Mechanical valves require longterm anticoagulation whereas biological valves are associated with a higher risk of structural valve deterioration. Patients with prosthetic heart valves should be followed-up regularly for evaluation of prosthetic function and the occurrence of complications. SN - PB - McGraw-Hill Education CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/03/29 UR - accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1202445695 ER -