TY  - CHAP
M1  - Book, Section
TI  - Disorders of the Autonomic Nervous System
A1  - Barohn, Richard J.
A1  - Engstrom, John W.
A2  - Loscalzo, Joseph
A2  - Fauci, Anthony
A2  - Kasper, Dennis
A2  - Hauser, Stephen
A2  - Longo, Dan
A2  - Jameson, J. Larry
PY  - 2022
T2  - Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 21e
AB  - The  autonomic  nervous  system  (ANS)  innervates  the  entire  neuraxis  and  influences  all  organ  systems.  It  regulates  blood  pressure  (BP);  heart  rate;  sleep;  and  glandular,  pupillary,  bladder,  and  bowel  function.  It  maintains  organ  homeostasis  and  operates  automatically;  its  full  importance  becomes  recognized  only  when  ANS  function  is  compromised,  resulting  in  dysautonomia.  Dysautonomia  can  result  from  a  primary  disorder  of  the  central  or  peripheral  nervous  system,  or  from  a  nonneurogenic  cause.  Not  infrequently  more  than  one  contributor  may  be  present,  for  example  the  additive  effects  of  a  medication  in  a  patient  with  diabetes  mellitus,  cardiovascular  insufficiency,  or  normal  aging  may  be  responsible.  It  is  helpful  to  characterize  dysautonomia  by  its  time  course  (acute,  subacute,  or  chronic;  progressive  or  static),  severity,  and  whether  manifestations  are  continuous  or  intermittent.  Hypothalamic  disorders  that  cause  disturbances  in  homeostasis  are  discussed  in  Chaps.  18  and  378.  
SN  - 
PB  - McGraw-Hill Education
CY  - New York, NY
Y2  - 2024/04/19
UR  - accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1199143923
ER  -