TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Soft Tissue and Bone Sarcomas A1 - Livingston, J. Andrew A1 - Conley, Anthony P. A1 - Ratan, Ravin A1 - Ravi, Vinod A1 - Patel, Shreyaskumar A2 - Kantarjian, Hagop M. A2 - Wolff, Robert A. A2 - Rieber, Alyssa G. PY - 2022 T2 - The MD Anderson Manual of Medical Oncology, 4e AB - KEY CONCEPTSSarcomas represent a heterogenous group of more than 70 tumor types, many with unique disease biology, natural history, and chemotherapeutic sensitivity, driving a growing awareness and interest in subtype-specific therapy.Tumor histology, size, location, and the presence or absence of metastasis at diagnosis are the most important and well-established prognostic factors for patients with soft tissue sarcoma (STS).Although the role of adjuvant chemotherapy remains controversial, adjuvant chemotherapy containing anthracyclines in combination with ifosfamide is associated with improved disease-free and overall survival among patients with high-risk STS.The majority of gastrointestinal stromal tumors harbor activating mutations in either KIT or PDGFRA, conferring sensitivity to imatinib as well as other tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Mutational testing is recommended for both prognosis and to guide treatment selection.Patients with osteosarcoma and other high-grade bone sarcomas often present with micrometastatic disease at the time of diagnosis. Contemporary treatment consists of neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by limb-sparing surgery and additional adjuvant chemotherapy.The lung is the most common site of relapse and metastasis for patients with sarcomas after completion of primary treatment. Surgery with or without additional chemotherapy should be pursued in patients with resectable lung metastases and can result in cure in a subset of patients who can be rendered disease free. SN - PB - McGraw Hill Education CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/03/28 UR - accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1190838464 ER -