TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Acid-Base Disorders A1 - Arora, Nayan A1 - Jefferson, J. Ashley A2 - Papadakis, Maxine A. A2 - McPhee, Stephen J. A2 - Rabow, Michael W. A2 - McQuaid, Kenneth R. PY - 2022 T2 - Current Medical Diagnosis & Treatment 2022 AB - Acid-base regulation is the maintenance of normal hydrogen ion concentration. The normal plasma hydrogen ion concentration is 40 nmol/L, which corresponds to a pH of 7.4 (the negative log of its concentration). Any decrease in blood pH represents an increase in hydrogen ion concentration (acidemia), while an increase in blood pH represents a decrease in hydrogen ion concentration (alkalemia). Bicarbonate (HCO3–) is the primary acid buffer in the body and the relationship between acid and base behavior in the body is shown by the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation below. Note that because carbon dioxide is primarily measured as a partial pressure, the denominator contains a conversion factor. SN - PB - McGraw-Hill Education CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/03/28 UR - accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1184182724 ER -