TY  - CHAP
M1  - Book, Section
TI  - How is Blood Pressure Measured & Hypertension Diagnosed?
A1  - Sutters, Michael
A2  - Papadakis, Maxine A.
A2  - McPhee, Stephen J.
A2  - Rabow, Michael W.
A2  - McQuaid, Kenneth R.
PY  - 2022
T2  - Current Medical Diagnosis & Treatment 2022
AB  - Blood  pressure  should  be  measured  with  a  well-calibrated  sphygmomanometer.  The  bladder  width  within  the  cuff  should  encircle  at  least  80%  of  the  arm  circumference.  Readings  should  be  taken  after  the  patient  has  been  resting  comfortably,  back  supported  in  the  sitting  or  supine  position,  for  at  least  5  minutes  and  at  least  30  minutes  after  smoking  or  coffee  ingestion.  A  video  demonstrating  the  correct  technique  can  be  found  at  http://www.abdn.ac.uk/medical/bhs/tutorial/tutorial.htm.  Automated  office  blood  pressure  readings,  made  with  office-based  devices  that  permit  multiple  automated  measurements  after  a  pre-programmed  rest  period,  produce  data  that  are  independent  of  digit  preference  bias  (tendency  to  favor  numbers  that  end  with  zero  or  five)  and  avoid  the  “white  coat”  phenomenon  (where  blood  pressure  is  elevated  in  the  clinic  but  normal  at  home).  Blood  pressure  measurements  taken  outside  the  office  environment,  either  by  intermittent  self-monitoring  (home  blood  pressure)  or  with  an  automated  device  programmed  to  take  measurements  at  regular  intervals  (ambulatory  blood  pressure)  are  more  powerful  predictors  of  outcomes  and  are  advocated  in  clinical  guidelines.  Home  measurements  are  also  helpful  in  differentiating  white  coat  hypertension  from  hypertension  that  is  resistant  to  treatment,  and  in  diagnosis  of  “masked  hypertension”  (where  blood  pressure  is  normal  in  the  clinic  but  elevated  at  home).  The  cardiovascular  risk  associated  with  masked  hypertension  is  similar  to  that  observed  in  sustained  hypertension.  
SN  - 
PB  - McGraw-Hill Education
CY  - New York, NY
Y2  - 2024/04/25
UR  - accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1184192573
ER  -