TY  - CHAP
M1  - Book, Section
TI  - Pentamidine & Atovaquone
A1  - Gruenberg, Katherine
A1  - Guglielmo, B. Joseph
A2  - Papadakis, Maxine A.
A2  - McPhee, Stephen J.
A2  - Rabow, Michael W.
A2  - McQuaid, Kenneth R.
PY  - 2022
T2  - Current Medical Diagnosis & Treatment 2022
AB  - Pentamidine  and  atovaquone  are  antiprotozoal  agents  that  are  primarily  used  to  treat  Pneumocystis  pneumonia.  Pentamidine  is  discussed  in  Chapter  35-01.  Atovaquone  inhibits  mitochondrial  electron  transport  and  probably  also  folate  metabolism.  The  solid  dosage  form  is  poorly  absorbed  and  should  be  given  with  food  to  maximize  bioavailability.  The  suspension  is  significantly  better  absorbed  and  preferred  especially  in  high-risk  patients  (those  with  diarrhea,  malabsorption).  It  has  moderate  activity  against  P  jirovecii.  In  comparative  trials  with  trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole  and  pentamidine  in  the  therapy  of  Pneumocystis  pneumonia  in  HIV/AIDS,  atovaquone,  750  mg  orally  three  times  daily  for  3  weeks,  is  less  effective  than  both  agents  but  better  tolerated.  It  has  also  been  used  as  prophylaxis  in  HIV/AIDS  patients  at  a  dosage  of  1500  mg  daily.  Major  adverse  effects  include  rash,  nausea,  vomiting,  diarrhea,  fever,  and  abnormal  liver  biochemical  tests.  The  use  of  atovaquone  is  limited  to  patients  with  mild  to  moderate  Pneumocystis  infections  who  have  not  responded  to  or  cannot  tolerate  other  therapies.  
SN  - 
PB  - McGraw-Hill Education
CY  - New York, NY
Y2  - 2024/04/19
UR  - accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1184154323
ER  -