TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Visual Disorders A1 - Hariharan, Luxme A1 - Starr, Ellery Lopez A1 - Garcia, Renata A1 - Penniecook, Jason A. A1 - Pettey, Jeff A1 - Hanson, Eric A1 - Morjaria, Priya A1 - Noah, Josie A1 - Haddad, Danny A1 - Mezu-Ndubuisi, Olachi J. A1 - Winthrop, Kevin L. A1 - Ventura, Camila V. A1 - Lansingh, Van Charles A2 - Boulton, Matthew L. A2 - Wallace, Robert B. PY - 2022 T2 - Maxcy-Rosenau-Last Public Health & Preventive Medicine, 16e AB - Visual disorders such as uncorrected refractive error (URE), cataract, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) are leading public health problems worldwide, causing significant morbidity and dramatically affecting the lives of hundreds of millions of people daily. Overall, 75–80% of the causes of blindness and visual impairment (VI) are avoidable or treatable with early detection, evidence-based screening, and timely treatment. More specifically, for 2015, it was estimated that 81.2% of the blindness is preventable or treatable.1 Unfortunately, 90% of avoidable blindness disproportionately affects the most vulnerable communities including the poor, women, children, the elderly, and people living in rural areas.1,2 SN - PB - McGraw Hill CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/03/28 UR - accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1182672244 ER -