TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - FREONS AND HALONS A1 - Mamantov, Tanya A2 - Olson, Kent R. A2 - Anderson, Ilene B. A2 - Benowitz, Neal L. A2 - Blanc, Paul D. A2 - Clark, Richard F. A2 - Kearney, Thomas E. A2 - Kim-Katz, Susan Y. A2 - Wu, Alan H. B. PY - 2018 T2 - Poisoning & Drug Overdose, 7e AB - Freons (fluorocarbons and chlorofluorocarbons [CFCs]) historically have been widely used as aerosol propellants, in refrigeration units, in the manufacture of plastics, in foam blowing, metal and electronics cleaning, mobile air conditioning, and sterilization. Although the use of CFCs is being phased out to avoid further depletion of stratospheric ozone, freons remain in older refrigeration and air conditioning systems, and illicit importation of freons occurs. Most freons are gases at room temperature, but some are liquids (freons 11, 21, 113, and 114) and may be ingested. Specialized fire extinguishers contain closely related compounds known as halons, which contain bromine, fluorine, and chlorine. HCFCs (Hydrochlorofluorocarbons) and HFCs (hydrofluorocarbons) are being used as transitional refrigerants because they break down more easily in the atmosphere than CFCs. SN - PB - McGraw-Hill Education CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/03/28 UR - accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1179991479 ER -