TY  - CHAP
M1  - Book, Section
TI  - Elbow Fractures
A1  - Breed, Meghan
A1  - Fitch, Robert Warne
A2  - Knoop, Kevin J.
A2  - Stack, Lawrence B.
A2  - Storrow, Alan B.
A2  - Thurman, R. Jason
PY  - 2021
T2  - The Atlas of Emergency Medicine, 5e
AB  - Direct  trauma  or  fall  on  an  outstretched  hand  may  result  in  elbow  fractures.  The  patient  may  be  unable  to  extend  the  elbow  and  have  pain  on  supination/pronation.  AP,  lateral,  and  oblique  radiographic  views  can  visualize  most  fractures.  The  radial  head  should  be  aligned  with  the  capitellum  on  all  views.  The  anterior  fat  pad  may  be  seen  on  normal  radiographs,  but  displacement  anteriorly  and  superiorly  (sail  sign)  suggests  effusion  or  hemarthrosis.  The  posterior  fat  pad  is  not  normally  visualized,  but  if  seen  is  indicative  of  effusion  or  hemarthrosis.  
SN  - 
PB  - McGraw-Hill
CY  - New York, NY
Y2  - 2024/04/18
UR  - accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1181041869
ER  -