TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Mycobacteria A1 - Levinson, Warren A1 - Chin-Hong, Peter A1 - Joyce, Elizabeth A. A1 - Nussbaum, Jesse A1 - Schwartz, Brian PY - 2020 T2 - Review of Medical Microbiology & Immunology: A Guide to Clinical Infectious Diseases, 16e AB - Mycobacteria are aerobic, acid-fast bacilli (rods) (Figure 21–1). They are neither gram-positive nor gram-negative (i.e., they are stained poorly by the dyes used in Gram stain). They are virtually the only bacteria that are acid-fast. (One exception is Nocardia asteroides, the major cause of nocardiosis, which is also acid-fast.) The term acid-fast refers to an organism’s ability to retain the carbol fuchsin stain despite subsequent treatment with an ethanol–hydrochloric acid mixture. The high lipid content (approximately 60%) of their cell wall makes mycobacteria acid-fast. SN - PB - McGraw Hill CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/10/11 UR - accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1171925320 ER -