TY  - CHAP
M1  - Book, Section
TI  - Global Surgery
A1  - Smiley, Katherine E.
A1  - Debas, Haile T.
A1  - deVries, Catherine R.
A1  - Price, Raymond R.
A2  - Brunicardi, F. Charles
A2  - Andersen, Dana K.
A2  - Billiar, Timothy R.
A2  - Dunn, David L.
A2  - Kao, Lillian S.
A2  - Hunter, John G.
A2  - Matthews, Jeffrey B.
A2  - Pollock, Raphael E.
PY  - 2019
T2  - Schwartz's Principles of Surgery, 11e
AB  - Key  Points  There  are  five  major  forces  reshaping  priorities  and  strategies  for  the  globalization  of  surgical  care:The  epidemiologic  transition  of  diseasesThe  mobile  nature  of  the  world’s  populationsUbiquitous  information  accessA  revolution  for  equity  and  human  rightsRecognition  of  the  cost-effectiveness  of  surgical  care  for  treatment  and  prevention  of  disease  The  burden  of  disease  is  greatest  in  areas  where  human  resources—physicians,  nurses,  pharmacists,  and  other  healthcare  workers—are  the  least.  Surgery  should  be  viewed  as  an  investment  rather  than  a  cost.  The  key  components  of  the  global  surgery  ecosystem  include  technology,  education,  community,  healthcare,  business,  and  multidisciplinary  engagement  between  a  variety  of  disciplines.  Understanding  and  addressing  the  necessary  communication,  energy,  and  transportation  technologies  along  with  the  underlying  cultural  context  represent  the  foundation  critical  to  implementing  sustainable  infrastructure  for  appropriate  surgical  care.  There  has  been  a  significant  shift  from  communicable,  maternal,  neonatal,  and  nutritional  causes  of  disease  to  noncommunicable  causes,  many  of  which  require  surgical  care.  Patients  and  their  communities  in  low-  and  middle-income  countries  (LMICs)  bear  a  much  greater  share  of  the  burden  of  cancer  than  high-income  countries  (HICs).  Globally,  trauma  has  become  a  leading  cause  of  death  and  disability;  90%  of  trauma  deaths  occur  in  LMICs.  Essential  surgical  services  should  be  integrated  into  comprehensive  health  care  delivery,  with  the  potential  to  avert  1.5  million  deaths  per  year  in  LMICs.  Surgery  is  gaining  an  increasingly  recognized  role  for  improving  public  health,  having  a  role  in  prevention  as  well  as  treatment.  The  cost-effectiveness  of  surgical  care  has  been  demonstrated,  and  its  value  as  a  public  health  investment  is  increasingly  understood  by  policymakers.  Developing  capabilities  for  surgical  care  has  the  ability  to  promote  system-strengthening  in  resource-poor  countries  and  to  mitigate  migration  of  health  professionals  at  all  levels.  Academic  global  surgery  provides  a  unique  environment  to  study  health  systems,  identify  solutions  and  implement  them  collaboratively,  fulfilling  many  institutions’  missions  to  strengthen  multidisciplinary  training,  advocacy,  and  research.  Surgical  innovations  that  bring  value  by  balancing  cost  with  quality  designed  for  challenging  energy  environments  will  foster  equity  in  surgical  care  for  LMICs.  
SN  - 
PB  - McGraw-Hill Education
CY  - New York, NY
Y2  - 2024/04/18
UR  - accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1164321639
ER  -