TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Endocrine Disorders A1 - Bartz, Sarah A1 - Barker, Jennifer M. A1 - Kappy, Michael S. A1 - Kelsey, Megan Moriarty A1 - Travers, Sharon H. A1 - Zeitler, Philip S. A2 - Hay, Jr., William W. A2 - Levin, Myron J. A2 - Deterding, Robin R. A2 - Abzug, Mark J. PY - 2018 T2 - Current Diagnosis & Treatment: Pediatrics, 24e AB - The classic concept that endocrine effects are the result of substances secreted into the blood with effects on a distant target cell has been updated to account for other ways in which hormonal effects occur. Specifically, some hormone systems involve the stimulation or inhibition of metabolic processes in neighboring cells (eg, within the pancreatic islets or cartilage). This phenomenon is termed paracrine. Other hormone effects reflect the action of hormones on the same cells that produced them. This action is termed autocrine. The discoveries of local production of ghrelin, somatostatin, cholecystokinin, incretins, and many other hormones in the brain and gut support the concept of paracrine and autocrine processes in these tissues. SN - PB - McGraw-Hill Education CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2022/05/23 UR - accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1153314380 ER -